Ci gaban masana'antu na zamani ya sanya ƙarin buƙatu akan yanayin gwaji, bincike da samarwa. Babbar hanyar cimma wannan buƙatu ita ce yin amfani da matatun iska a ko'ina a cikin tsaftataccen tsarin kwandishan. Daga cikin su, matattarar HEPA da ULPA sune kariya ta ƙarshe don ƙurar ƙurar da ke shiga cikin ɗaki mai tsabta. Ayyukansa yana da alaƙa kai tsaye zuwa matakin ɗaki mai tsabta, wanda hakan yana rinjayar tsari da ingancin samfurin. Saboda haka, yana da ma'ana don gudanar da bincike na gwaji akan tacewa. Ayyukan juriya da aikin tacewa na masu tacewa guda biyu an kwatanta su a cikin saurin iska daban-daban ta hanyar auna ingancin tacewa na gilashin fiber gilashi da kuma PTFE tace don 0.3 μm, 0.5 μm, 1.0 μm PAO barbashi. Sakamakon ya nuna cewa saurin iska wani abu ne mai mahimmanci wanda ke shafar ingancin tacewa na matatun iska na HEPA. Mafi girman saurin iskar, ƙarancin aikin tacewa, kuma tasirin ya fi fitowa fili ga matatun PTFE.
Mabuɗin kalmomi:HEPA iska tace; Yin juriya; aikin tacewa; PTFE takarda tace; gilashin fiber tace takarda; gilashin fiber tace.
Lambar CLC:X964 Lambar tantance takaddar: A
Tare da ci gaba da ci gaban kimiyya da fasaha, samarwa da sabunta kayayyakin masana'antu na zamani sun zama masu buƙatar tsabtace iska na cikin gida. Musamman, microelectronics, likitanci, sinadarai, nazarin halittu, sarrafa abinci da sauran masana'antu suna buƙatar ƙaranci. Madaidaici, babban tsabta, inganci mai inganci da ingantaccen muhalli na cikin gida, wanda ke sanya buƙatu mafi girma da ƙari akan aikin tace iska na HEPA, don haka yadda ake kera matatar HEPA don biyan buƙatun mabukaci ya zama buƙatu na gaggawa na masana'antun. Daya daga cikin matsalolin da aka warware [1-2]. Sanannen abu ne cewa aikin juriya da ingancin tacewa na tacewa abubuwa ne masu mahimmanci guda biyu don kimanta tacewa. Wannan takarda tana ƙoƙarin nazarin aikin tacewa da aikin juriya na matatar iska ta HEPA na kayan tacewa daban-daban ta gwaje-gwaje [3], da nau'ikan nau'ikan kayan tacewa iri ɗaya. Ayyukan tacewa da kaddarorin juriya na tace suna ba da tushen ka'idar don masana'anta tace.
1 Binciken hanyar gwaji
Akwai hanyoyi da yawa don gano matatun iska na HEPA, kuma ƙasashe daban-daban suna da ma'auni daban-daban. A cikin 1956, Hukumar Sojan Amurka ta haɓaka USMIL-STD282, ma'aunin gwajin iska na HEPA, da kuma hanyar DOP don gwada inganci. A cikin 1965, an kafa ma'aunin Biritaniya BS3928, kuma an yi amfani da hanyar harshen wuta na sodium don gano inganci. A cikin 1973, Ƙungiyar Kula da iska ta Turai ta haɓaka daidaitattun Eurovent 4/4, wanda ya bi hanyar gano harshen wuta. Daga baya, {ungiyar {asar Amirka don Gwajin Muhalli da Kimiyyar Ingantaccen Tacewa, ta tattara jerin ma'auni iri ɗaya don hanyoyin gwaji da aka ba da shawarar, duk suna amfani da hanyar kirgawa ta DOP. A cikin 1999, Turai ta kafa ma'aunin BSEN1822, wanda ke amfani da mafi girman girman barbashi (MPPS) don gano ingancin tacewa [4]. Ma'aunin ganowa na kasar Sin yana amfani da hanyar harshen wuta na sodium. Tsarin gano aikin tace iska na HEPA da aka yi amfani da shi a cikin wannan gwaji an haɓaka shi bisa ma'aunin US 52.2. Hanyar ganowa tana amfani da hanyar ƙidayar caliper, kuma aerosol yana amfani da ƙwayoyin PAO.
1.1 babban kayan aiki
Wannan gwajin yana amfani da ƙididdiga na barbashi guda biyu, waɗanda suke da sauƙi, dacewa, sauri da fahimta idan aka kwatanta da sauran kayan gwajin ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta [5]. Abubuwan fa'idodin da ke sama na ƙididdigar barbashi suna sa shi a hankali ya maye gurbin wasu hanyoyin kuma ya zama babbar hanyar gwaji don ƙaddamar da ƙwayar cuta. Za su iya ƙidaya duka adadin barbashi da kuma girman rabon barbashi (watau ƙidayar ƙidayar), wanda shine ainihin kayan aikin wannan gwaji. Matsakaicin kwararar samfurin shine 28.6 LPM, kuma famfon ɗin sa na carbonless yana da halayen ƙaramar amo da kwanciyar hankali. Idan an shigar da zaɓin, za'a iya auna zafin jiki da zafi da kuma saurin iska kuma ana iya gwada tacewa.
Tsarin ganowa yana amfani da aerosols ta amfani da abubuwan PAO azaman ƙura don tacewa. Muna amfani da janareta na aerosol (Aerosol ƙarni) na samfurin TDA-5B da aka samar a Amurka. Matsakaicin abin da ya faru shine 500 - 65000 cfm (1 cfm = 28.6 LPM), kuma ƙaddamarwa shine 100 μg / L, 6500 cfm; 10 μg / L, 65000 cfm.
1. 2 tsaftataccen ɗaki
Domin inganta daidaiton gwajin, an ƙirƙira da ƙawata dakin gwaje-gwaje na matakin 10,000 bisa ga ma'aunin Tarayyar Amurka 209C. Ana amfani da bene mai rufi, wanda aka kwatanta da fa'idodin terrazzo, juriya mai juriya, mai kyau sealing, sassauci da rikitarwa gini. Kayan shine lacquer epoxy kuma an yi bangon da haɗe-haɗen siginar ɗaki mai tsafta. Gidan yana sanye da 220v, 2 × 40w tsarkakewa fitilu 6 kuma an shirya shi bisa ga bukatun haske da kayan aikin filin. Dakin mai tsabta yana da manyan kantunan iska guda 4 da tashoshin dawo da iska guda 4. An tsara ɗakin shawa na iska don sarrafa taɓawa na yau da kullun. Lokacin shawan iska shine 0-100s, kuma saurin iskar kowane daidaitaccen bututun iska mai zagayawa ya fi ko daidai da 20ms. Saboda wurin daki mai tsabta yana da <50m2 kuma ma'aikatan <5 mutane ne, ana ba da mafita mai aminci don ɗaki mai tsabta. Fitar HEPA da aka zaɓa shine GB01 × 4, girman iska shine 1000m3 / h, kuma ingancin tacewa ya fi ko daidai da 0.5μm da 99.995%.
1. 3 samfurori na gwaji
Samfuran tace fiber gilashin sune: 610 (L) × 610 (H) × 150 (W) mm, nau'in baffle, 75 wrinkles, girman 610 (L) × 610 (H) × 90 (W) mm, tare da 200 pleats, PTFE nau'in tacewa, nau'in tacewa 480 (L) × 480 100 wrinkles.
2 ƙa’idodi na asali
Babban ka'idar benci na gwaji shine cewa an busa fan a cikin iska. Tun da HEPA/UEPA kuma ana sanye da matatar iska ta HEPA, ana iya la'akari da cewa iskar ta zama iska mai tsafta kafin isa ga HEPA/UEPA da aka gwada. Na'urar tana fitar da ɓangarorin PAO cikin bututun don samar da iskar gas mai ƙura da ake so kuma yana amfani da ma'aunin leza don tantance ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta. Iskar da ke dauke da kura sai ta bi ta cikin na’urar HEPA/UEPA da aka gwada, sannan kuma ana auna ma’aunin kurar da ke cikin iskar da HEPA/UEPA ta tace ta hanyar amfani da na’urar lesa, sannan a kwatanta kurar iska kafin da bayan tacewa, ta haka ne ake tantance HEPA/UEPA. Tace aikin. Bugu da ƙari, ana shirya ramukan samfur bi da bi kafin da bayan tacewa, kuma ana gwada juriyar kowace gudun iska ta amfani da ma'aunin ma'aunin matsa lamba a nan.
3 tace juriya kwatankwacin aiki
Halin juriya na HEPA yana ɗaya daga cikin mahimman halayen HEPA. Ƙarƙashin tsarin saduwa da ingancin buƙatun mutane, halayen juriya suna da alaƙa da farashin amfani, juriya kaɗan ne, yawan amfani da makamashi kaɗan ne, kuma ana adana farashin. Saboda haka, aikin juriya na tace ya zama damuwa. Ɗaya daga cikin mahimman bayanai.
Dangane da bayanan ma'aunin gwaji, ana samun alaƙa tsakanin matsakaicin saurin iska na nau'ikan tacewa daban-daban na fiber gilashin da matatar PTFE da bambancin matsa lamba.Ana nuna alaƙar a cikin hoto 2:
Ana iya gani daga bayanan gwaji cewa yayin da iskar ta karu, juriyar tacewa yana karuwa a layi daya daga ƙasa zuwa babba, kuma madaidaiciyar layi biyu na filtattun fiber gilashin biyu sun yi daidai. Yana da sauƙi a ga cewa lokacin da saurin iskar tacewa ya kasance 1 m/s, juriya na tace fiber gilashin ya kai ninki huɗu na tacewa na PTFE.
Sanin wurin tacewa, ana iya samun alaƙar da ke tsakanin saurin fuska da bambancin matsa lamba:
Ana iya gani daga bayanan gwaji cewa yayin da iskar ta karu, juriyar tacewa yana karuwa a layi daya daga ƙasa zuwa babba, kuma madaidaiciyar layi biyu na filtattun fiber gilashin biyu sun yi daidai. Yana da sauƙi a ga cewa lokacin da iska mai tacewa ya kasance 1 m / s, juriya na gilashin fiber gilashi yana kusan sau hudu na PTFE fil.
Sanin wurin tacewa, ana iya samun alaƙar da ke tsakanin saurin fuska da bambancin matsa lamba:
Saboda bambanci tsakanin saurin saman saman nau'ikan nau'ikan masu tacewa da kuma bambancin matsin lamba na takaddun tacewa, juriya na tacewa tare da ƙayyadaddun 610 × 610 × 90mm a cikin saurin farfajiya iri ɗaya ya fi ƙayyadaddun 610 ×. Juriya na 610 x 150mm tace.
Duk da haka, a fili yake cewa a daidai wannan yanayin gudun, juriya na gilashin fiber tace ya fi juriya na PTFE. Ya nuna cewa PTFE ya fi gilashin fiber tace dangane da aikin juriya. Don ƙarin fahimtar halayen gilashin fiber fiber da kuma juriya na PTFE, an gudanar da ƙarin gwaje-gwaje. Yi nazarin juriya na takaddun tacewa guda biyu kai tsaye yayin da saurin iskar tace ke canzawa, ana nuna sakamakon gwaji a ƙasa:
Wannan yana ƙara tabbatar da ƙarshe na baya cewa juriya na gilashin fiber tace takarda ya fi na PTFE a ƙarƙashin gudu iri ɗaya [6].
4 tace aikin kwatancen
Dangane da yanayin gwaji, ana iya auna ingancin tacewa na tacewa ga barbashi tare da girman barbashi na 0.3 μm, 0.5 μm, da 1.0 μm a saurin iska daban-daban, kuma ana samun ginshiƙi mai zuwa:
Babu shakka, ingancin tacewa na filtattun fiber na gilashi guda biyu don ɓangarorin 1.0 μm a saurin iska daban-daban shine 100%, kuma ingancin tacewa na 0.3 μm da 0.5 μm yana raguwa tare da haɓaka saurin iska. Ana iya ganin cewa ingancin tacewa na tacewa zuwa manyan ɓangarorin ya fi na ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta, kuma aikin tacewa na 610 × 610 × 150 mm tace ya fi dacewa da ƙayyadaddun 610 × 610 × 90 mm.
Yin amfani da wannan hanyar, ana samun jadawali da ke nuna alaƙa tsakanin ingancin tacewa na 480 × 480 × 70 mm tace PTFE azaman aikin saurin iska:
Kwatanta siffa 5 da siffa 6, tasirin tacewa na 0.3 μm, 0.5 μm barbashi gilashin tacewa ya fi kyau, musamman ga 0.3 μm ƙura bambancin tasirin. Tasirin tacewa na ɓangarorin uku akan ƙwayoyin 1 μm shine 100%.
Don ƙarin da hankali kwatanta aikin tacewa na gilashin fiber fil da kayan tacewa na PTFE, an yi gwajin aikin tace kai tsaye akan takaddun tacewa guda biyu, kuma an sami ginshiƙi mai zuwa:
Ana samun ginshiƙi na sama ta hanyar auna tasirin tacewa na PTFE da gilashin fiber tace takarda akan 0.3 μm a saurin iska daban-daban [7-8]. A bayyane yake cewa ingancin tacewa na takarda mai tacewa na PTFE ya fi na gilashin fiber tace takarda.
Yin la'akari da kaddarorin juriya da kaddarorin tacewa na kayan tacewa, yana da sauƙin ganin cewa kayan tacewa na PTFE sun fi dacewa don yin ƙaƙƙarfan ƙaƙƙarfan fil ɗin HEPA, kuma kayan tace fiber gilashin ya fi dacewa don yin matattarar HEPA ko ultra-HEPA.
5 Kammalawa
Ana bincika abubuwan da za a iya amfani da su don aikace-aikacen tacewa daban-daban ta hanyar kwatanta kaddarorin juriya da kaddarorin tacewa na masu tacewa na PTFE tare da matatun fiber gilashi. Daga gwajin za mu iya zana ƙarshe cewa saurin iska abu ne mai mahimmanci wanda ke shafar tasirin tacewa na matatar iska ta HEPA. Mafi girman saurin iskar, raguwar ingancin tacewa, mafi kyawun tasirin tasirin PTFE, kuma gabaɗaya Tacewar PTFE tana da ƙarancin tacewa fiye da tace fiberglass, amma juriya ta yi ƙasa da na gilashin fiber filter. Sabili da haka, kayan tacewa na PTFE ya fi dacewa don yin ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun PTFE ko PTFE, kuma kayan aikin gilashin gilashin fiber sun fi dacewa da samarwa. Tace mai inganci ko inganci. Gilashin fiber HEPA tace tare da ƙayyadaddun 610 × 610 × 150mm shine ƙasa da 610 × 610 × 90mm gilashin fiber HEPA tace, kuma aikin tacewa ya fi 610 × 610 × 90mm gilashin fiber HEPA tace. A halin yanzu, farashin tsaftataccen kayan tacewa na PTFE ya fi na fiber gilashi. Duk da haka, idan aka kwatanta da gilashin fiber, PTFE yana da mafi kyawun juriya na zafin jiki, juriya na lalata da hydrolysis fiye da gilashin gilashi. Saboda haka, ya kamata a yi la'akari da abubuwa daban-daban yayin samar da tacewa. Haɗa aikin fasaha da aikin tattalin arziki.
Magana:
[1] Liu Laihong, Wang Shihong. Haɓakawa da Aiwatar da Tacewar iska [J]• Tace da Rarraba, 2000, 10 (4): 8-10.
[2] CN Davis Air Filter [M], wanda Huang Riguang ya fassara. Beijing: Makamashin Nukiliya, 1979.
[3] GB/T6165-1985 babban ingancin iska tace aikin gwajin hanyar watsawa da juriya [M]. Ofishin Ma'auni na Ƙasa, 1985.
[4]Xing Songnian. Hanyar ganowa da aikace-aikacen aikace-aikacen ingantaccen iska mai inganci[J] • Kayayyakin rigakafin Cutar Kwayar cuta, 2005, 26(1): 29-31.
[5] Hochrainer. Ƙarin haɓakawa na ƙididdigar barbashi
sizerPCS-2000gilashin fiber [J] • Filter Journal of AerosolScience, 2000,31 (1): 771-772.
[6]E. Weingartner, P. Haller, H. Burtscher da dai sauransu. Matsi
DropAcrossFiberFilters[J]• Kimiyyar Aerosol, 1996, 27 (1): 639-640.
[7] Michael JM da Clyde Orr. Tace-Ka'idoji da Ayyuka[M].
New York:MarcelDekker, 1987•
[8] Zhang Guoquan. Makanikai na Aerosol – tushen ka'idar kawar da kura da tsarkakewa [M] • Beijing: Lantarki na Kimiyyar Muhalli na China, 1987.
Lokacin aikawa: Janairu-06-2019